Short Circuit Force Calculation (Mechanical effects) An outdoor switchyard has many overhead live conductors strung between two Gantries or Equipment. These conductors carry rated current under normal condition. Under abnormal conditions such as faults, the conductors need to carry the short circuit currents for very short duration of 1 sec or 3 sec. When very high fault current passes through two

Power Distribution System for Materials Handling Plant A material handling plant needs electrical power at high / medium / low voltage levels to feed various electrically driven loads of the plant. The plant receives power supply at High voltage in the Main receiving substation and then steps down to MV and LV levels. There are many motors which are of high power consuming such as 110kW, 132kW etc

Battery and Battery Charger Sizing Calculation Station batteries play a very important role in a High voltage substation. It supplies the DC power to critical loads like Circuit breaker closing and tripping coils, Numerical relays, Master trip relay, Auxiliary relays, Substation automation systems, Alarm and Annunciation circuits, Substation hooters, bells, Indication lamps, Fire detection and ala

Overhead Bare Conductor sizing calculation : Overhead bare conductors are used for many applications. One of the application is to use them for flow of current from one place to another. Many sizes and types of overhead conductors are availale - they can be categorised in two basic types - stranded and solid. For stranded conductors the conductor is made of many strands of Aluminium and steel or

Control and Protection of Extra High Voltage Electrical Networks Extra high voltage network comprises of Substations and Transmission lines at various voltage levels. Voltage levels are divided into two broad categories - Transmission and Distribution. Generally voltages 66kV and above falls under Transmission and those of 33kV and below falls under Distribution category. Control and protection of

Switchyard Cable Trench Layout drawing : An Extra High Voltage Switchyard contains many types of high voltage (11kV, 33kV, 132kV, 220kV, 400kV etc.) equipment which needs to be connected to each other and to the control room by power and control cables. A large network of cables run from one point to another in the Switchyard. These cables need to be laid in an organised manner in Cable trenches

Sag & Tension Calculation by PLS CADD Sag & Tension calculation of an Overhead Transmission Line is an unavoidable and very important calculation for a Transmission line. The calculation helps to identify the maximum tension that needs to applied longitudinally along the transmission line conductor in order to achieve a sag which is well within the limit specified by the Design of the Tran

Application of Electronics in Electrical Engineering The use of Electronics and communication in High voltage electrical engineering is immense nowadays. High and low voltage Electrical systems requires controls, monitoring (local and remote), protections and isolation against abnormal system behaviours, protection signalling for remote intertripping, voice communications from one installation to

EHV Switchyard Layout Plan & Elevation Extra high voltage Switchyard layout plan and elevation drawing shows number of bays at different voltage levels, connection of different equipment with each other in a bay, bay to bay interconnection through bus bar, bus bar scheme (single bus, one main & one transfer, two main & one transfer, one and half breaker scheme etc.), electrical clearan

Lighting Calculation by Dialux Software Lighting plays a very important role in an industry or utility. It illuminates an indoor or outdoor space of a plant for carrying out specific activities of administration, control and production, it illuminates the roads and pathways for transport, it illuminates vacant outdoor spaces to ensure safety, it provides decoration of entry gates, sign boards, nam